Excel VBA If Statement – If…Then…Else VBA Conditions

The Excel VBA If Statement is one of 2 basic Conditional Statements in VBA (including the VBA Select Case statement. It allows to conditionally execute sections of code based on whether a certain condition is met or not.

We will start with a simple example of 

Dim sales as Long
sales = 100

'The example If...Then...Else Statment
If sales > 50 Then
  Debug.Print "Your sales exceeded 50$"
Else 
  Debug.Print "Your sales did not exceed"
End if

VBA If Then Else

The syntax of the VBA If Then Else Statement is as follows:

If Condition1 Then
  'Runs if Condition1 is True
ElseIf Condition2 Then
  'Runs if Condition2 is True
'.....
Else 
  'Runs if neither Conditions above are True
End if

VBA Boolean operators

Boolean value are either TRUE or FALSE. Similarly a condition can either evaluate to being TRUE (as in met) or FALSE (as in the condition is not met). VBA as other languages has a boolean variable type which you can equally use if your IF-THEN-ELSE-STATEMENT.

Boolean operators

Operator Example Description
AND [CONDITION_1] AND [CONDITION_2] Return TRUE if both CONDITION_1 and CONDITION_2 are met (if they both evaluate to TRUE)
OR [CONDITION_1] OR [CONDITION_2] Return TRUE if EITHER CONDITION_1 or CONDITION_2 are met (if either one evaluates to TRUE)
NOT NOT([CONDITION]) Return TRUE if CONDITION is NOT met (if it evaluates to false)

Now let’s focus on the conditions.

Operator Description
= is equal to (val1 = val2)
<> is not equal to (val1 <> val2)
< is less than (val1 < val2)
> is greater than (val1 < val2)
<= is less than or equal (val1 <= val2)
>= is greater than or equal (val1 >= val2)

VBA Iif function

Something that very often comes in handy, especially when wanting to reduce the amount of code is the IIF function. If works similarly as the IF function in Excel formulas. Based on the condition it will return either one of 2 values. See the structure of the IIF statement below:

Iif([CONDITION] , [VALUE1], [VALUE2]) 
'Return [VALUE1] if [CONDITION] is met
'Return [VALUE2] if [CONDITION] is NOT met

This is an example usage:

Dim val1 as Integer, val2 as Integer, maxOfTwo as Integer
val1 = 1
val2 = 10
maxOfTwo = Iif(val1 > val2, val1, val2)

The IIF statement is often forgotten although it is very powerful and will make your code so much more clear.